# Immigration

# Borders



# Why do States Build Walls(Study)[2015]

Borders constitute the international system of states. Accordingly, states will, from time to time, take assertive measures to secure the border, with among the most aggressive strategies being the construction of physical barriers, which we refer to as “border walls.” Using original data on man-made border wall construction from 1800 to 2014, we theorize and find that in many cases, wall construction is about economic security. Significant economic disparities between the states will create incentives to illegally transport people or move goods readily available in the poorer country but highly regulated in the richer country. We find that economic disparities have a substantial and significant impact on the presence of a physical wall that is independent of formal border disputes and concerns over instability from civil wars in neighbors. In other words, “prominent examples such as the Maginot Line”, constructed largely out of fear of attack, is an exception, not the exemplar, of the reasons states construct border walls.

[https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0022002715596776](https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0022002715596776)

# List of Countries with Border-Barriers(Wiki)

*Note: The table can be sorted alphabetically or chronologically using the [![Sort both.gif](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/Sort_both.gif)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sort_both.gif) icon.*

<table class="wikitable sortable jquery-tablesorter" id="bkmrk-name-countries-affec"><thead><tr><th class="headerSort" role="columnheader button" tabindex="0" title="Sort ascending">Name</th><th class="headerSort" role="columnheader button" tabindex="0" title="Sort ascending">Countries affected</th><th class="headerSort" role="columnheader button" tabindex="0" title="Sort ascending">Built and maintained by</th><th class="headerSort" role="columnheader button" tabindex="0" title="Sort ascending">Date built</th><th class="headerSort" data-sort-type="number" role="columnheader button" tabindex="0" title="Sort ascending">Length (km)</th><th class="headerSort" role="columnheader button" tabindex="0" title="Sort ascending">Type</th><th class="headerSort" role="columnheader button" tabindex="0" title="Sort ascending">Deaths during crossing attempts</th><th class="headerSort" role="columnheader button" tabindex="0" title="Sort ascending">References</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>**Argentina–Paraguay**</td><td>[Argentina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argentina "Argentina") and [Paraguay](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paraguay "Paraguay")</td><td>Argentina</td><td>2014</td><td>1.3</td><td>Anti-illegal immigration</td><td> </td><td><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B4%5D">[\[4\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-4)</sup></td></tr><tr><td>**[Austrian border barrier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austrian_border_barrier "Austrian border barrier")**</td><td>[Austria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austria "Austria"), [Italy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italy "Italy"), and [Slovenia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slovenia "Slovenia")</td><td>Austria</td><td>2015</td><td>3.7</td><td>Anti-illegal immigration</td><td> </td><td><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B5%5D">[\[5\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-5)</sup></td></tr><tr><td>**Belize–Guatemala**</td><td>[Belize](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belize "Belize") and [Guatemala](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guatemala "Guatemala")</td><td>Belize</td><td>Proposed, agreed</td><td>N/A</td><td>Disputed territory and anti-illegal immigration</td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td>**Botswana–Zimbabwe**</td><td>[Botswana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botswana "Botswana") and [Zimbabwe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zimbabwe "Zimbabwe")</td><td>Botswana</td><td>2003</td><td>500</td><td>Protection of livestock against disease (Botswana), anti-immigration (purported from Zimbabwe officials)</td><td>8</td><td><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B6%5D">[\[6\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-6)</sup></td></tr><tr><td>**Brunei–Malaysia**</td><td>[Brunei](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brunei "Brunei") and [the city of Limbang, Malaysia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limbang "Limbang")</td><td>Brunei</td><td>2005</td><td>20</td><td>Anti-illegal immigration</td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td>**[Bulgaria–Turkey barrier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria%E2%80%93Turkey_barrier "Bulgaria–Turkey barrier")**</td><td>[Bulgaria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria "Bulgaria") and [Turkey](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkey "Turkey")</td><td>Bulgaria</td><td>2014</td><td>30</td><td>Anti-illegal immigration</td><td> </td><td><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B7%5D">[\[7\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-7)</sup></td></tr><tr><td>**[Calais border barrier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calais_border_barrier "Calais border barrier")**</td><td>[United Kingdom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom "United Kingdom") and [France](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/France "France")</td><td>United Kingdom and France</td><td>2016</td><td>1</td><td>Anti-illegal immigration</td><td> </td><td><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B8%5D">[\[8\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-McAuleyBuilding-8)</sup></td></tr><tr><td>**[Ceuta border fence](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceuta_border_fence "Ceuta border fence")**</td><td>[Spain](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spain "Spain") and [Morocco](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morocco "Morocco")</td><td>Spain</td><td>2001</td><td>8</td><td>Anti-illegal immigration</td><td>13-18 depending on estimates.<sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B9%5D">[\[9\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-9)</sup></td><td> </td></tr><tr><td>**Costa Rica–Nicaragua**</td><td>[Costa Rica](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Costa_Rica "Costa Rica") and [Nicaragua](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicaragua "Nicaragua")</td><td>Costa Rica</td><td>Proposed</td><td>N/A</td><td>Anti-illegal immigration</td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td>**[Green Line (Cyprus)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_Line_(Cyprus) "Green Line (Cyprus)")**</td><td>[Cyprus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyprus "Cyprus") and [Northern Cyprus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Cyprus "Northern Cyprus")</td><td>Cyprus and the [United Nations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations "United Nations")</td><td>1964</td><td>180</td><td>Buffer Zone</td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td>**[Chinese–Korean border fence](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese%E2%80%93Korean_border_fence "Chinese–Korean border fence")**</td><td>[China](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China "China") and [North Korea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Korea "North Korea")</td><td>China</td><td>2011</td><td>1,416</td><td>Anti-illegal immigration</td><td> </td><td><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B10%5D">[\[10\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-10)</sup></td></tr><tr><td>**Denmark–Germany border fence**</td><td>[Denmark](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denmark "Denmark") and [Germany](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germany "Germany")</td><td>Denmark</td><td>2019</td><td>70</td><td>Wildlife control (official), Anti-immigration (third party claims)</td><td> </td><td><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B11%5D">[\[11\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-11)</sup><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B12%5D">[\[12\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-12)</sup><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B13%5D">[\[13\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-13)</sup></td></tr><tr><td>**Dominican–Haiti border fence**</td><td>[Dominican Republic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominican_Republic "Dominican Republic") and [Haiti](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haiti "Haiti")</td><td>Dominican Republic</td><td>Announced 2021</td><td>N/A</td><td>Anti-illegal immigration and crime</td><td> </td><td><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B14%5D">[\[14\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-14)</sup></td></tr><tr><td>**[Egypt–Gaza barrier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Gaza_barrier "Egypt–Gaza barrier")**</td><td>[Egypt](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt "Egypt") and [Gaza Strip](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaza_Strip "Gaza Strip")</td><td>Egypt</td><td>1979, subterranean barrier under construction</td><td>3.1</td><td>Anti-terrorism and anti-illegal immigration</td><td> </td><td><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B15%5D">[\[15\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-FraserBuildingWall-15)</sup></td></tr><tr><td>**[Estonia–Russia barrier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estonia%E2%80%93Russia_barrier "Estonia–Russia barrier")**</td><td>[Estonia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estonia "Estonia") and [Russia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia "Russia")</td><td>Estonia</td><td>2018</td><td>110</td><td>Against Russian intrusion, illegal trade and illegal immigration</td><td> </td><td><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B16%5D">[\[16\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-16)</sup></td></tr><tr><td>**[Greece–Turkey border](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greece%E2%80%93Turkey_border "Greece–Turkey border")**</td><td>[Greece](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greece "Greece") and [Turkey](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkey "Turkey")</td><td>Greece</td><td>2012, expanded 2021<sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B17%5D">[\[17\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-17)</sup><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B18%5D">[\[18\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-18)</sup></td><td>200</td><td>Anti-illegal immigration</td><td> </td><td><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B19%5D">[\[19\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-19)</sup><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B20%5D">[\[20\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-20)</sup><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B21%5D">[\[21\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-21)</sup><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B22%5D">[\[22\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-22)</sup></td></tr><tr><td>**[North Macedonia–Greece barrier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macedonian_border_barrier "Macedonian border barrier")**</td><td>[North Macedonia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Macedonia "North Macedonia") and [Greece](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greece "Greece")</td><td>North Macedonia</td><td>2015</td><td>30</td><td>Anti-illegal immigration</td><td> </td><td><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B23%5D">[\[23\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-23)</sup></td></tr><tr><td>**[Malaysia–Thailand border](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysia%E2%80%93Thailand_border "Malaysia–Thailand border")**</td><td>[Thailand](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand "Thailand") and [Malaysia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysia "Malaysia")</td><td>Thailand</td><td>Proposed</td><td>650</td><td>Anti-terrorism</td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td>**[Melilla border fence](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melilla_border_fence "Melilla border fence")**</td><td>[Spain](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spain "Spain") and [Morocco](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morocco "Morocco")</td><td>Spain</td><td>1998</td><td>11</td><td>Anti-illegal immigration</td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td>**[Hungary–Serbia barrier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungary%E2%80%93Serbia_barrier "Hungary–Serbia barrier")**</td><td>[Hungary](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungary "Hungary") and [Serbia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serbia "Serbia")</td><td>Hungary</td><td>2015</td><td>175</td><td>Anti-illegal immigration</td><td> </td><td><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B24%5D">[\[24\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-24)</sup><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B25%5D">[\[25\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-25)</sup><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B26%5D">[\[26\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-26_August_2016-26)</sup><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B27%5D">[\[27\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-27)</sup><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B28%5D">[\[28\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-28)</sup></td></tr><tr><td>**[Hungary–Croatia barrier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungary%E2%80%93Croatia_barrier "Hungary–Croatia barrier")**</td><td>[Hungary](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungary "Hungary") and [Croatia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croatia "Croatia")</td><td>Hungary</td><td>2015</td><td>41</td><td>Anti-illegal immigration</td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td>**[India–Bangladesh barrier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India%E2%80%93Bangladesh_barrier "India–Bangladesh barrier")**</td><td>[India](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India "India") and [Bangladesh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh "Bangladesh")</td><td>India</td><td>Under construction</td><td>3,268</td><td>Anti-illegal immigration</td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td>**[India–Myanmar barrier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India%E2%80%93Myanmar_barrier "India–Myanmar barrier")**</td><td>[India](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India "India") and [Myanmar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myanmar "Myanmar")</td><td>India</td><td>Under construction</td><td>1,624</td><td>Anti-drug smuggling and anti-terrorism</td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td>**[India–Pakistan barrier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India%E2%80%93Pakistan_barrier "India–Pakistan barrier")**</td><td>[India](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India "India") and [Pakistan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan "Pakistan")</td><td>India</td><td>2004</td><td>550</td><td>Anti-terrorism</td><td> </td><td><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B29%5D">[\[29\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-29)</sup></td></tr><tr><td>**[Iran–Pakistan barrier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Pakistan_barrier "Iran–Pakistan barrier")**</td><td>[Iran](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran "Iran") and [Pakistan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan "Pakistan")</td><td>Iran</td><td>Under construction</td><td>959</td><td>Anti-terrorism and Anti-drug smuggling</td><td> </td><td><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B30%5D">[\[30\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-30)</sup><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B31%5D">[\[31\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-31)</sup><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B32%5D">[\[32\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-32)</sup></td></tr><tr><td>[**Israel-West Bank barrier**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israeli_West_Bank_barrier "Israeli West Bank barrier")</td><td>[Israel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel "Israel") and [Palestine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_of_Palestine "State of Palestine")</td><td>Israel</td><td>Partially Completed</td><td>708</td><td>Anti-terrorism (disputed territory)</td><td> </td><td><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B33%5D">[\[33\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-33)</sup></td></tr><tr><td>[**Israel-Egypt barrier**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Israel_barrier "Egypt–Israel barrier")</td><td>[Israel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel "Israel") and [Egypt](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt "Egypt")</td><td>Israel</td><td>2013</td><td>245</td><td>Anti-illegal immigration</td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td>[**Israel-Lebanon barrier**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_Line_(Lebanon) "Blue Line (Lebanon)")</td><td>[Israel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel "Israel") and [Lebanon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lebanon "Lebanon")</td><td>Israel</td><td>2018</td><td>11</td><td>Conflict zone</td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td>[**Israel-Gaza barrier**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Gaza_barrier "Israel–Gaza barrier")</td><td>[Israel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel "Israel") and [Gaza Strip](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaza_Strip "Gaza Strip")</td><td>Israel</td><td>1994</td><td>N/A</td><td>Anti-terrorism</td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td>**[Kazakhstan–Uzbekistan barrier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan%E2%80%93Uzbekistan_barrier "Kazakhstan–Uzbekistan barrier")**</td><td>[Kazakhstan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan "Kazakhstan") and [Uzbekistan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uzbekistan "Uzbekistan")</td><td>Kazakhstan</td><td>2006</td><td>45</td><td>Anti-drug smuggling</td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td>**[Korean Demilitarized Zone](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_Demilitarized_Zone "Korean Demilitarized Zone")**</td><td>[North Korea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Korea "North Korea") and [South Korea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Korea "South Korea")</td><td>North Korea and [United Nations Command](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Command "United Nations Command")</td><td>1953</td><td>248</td><td>Conflict zone</td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td>**[Kruger National Park](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kruger_National_Park "Kruger National Park")**</td><td>[South Africa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Africa "South Africa") and [Mozambique](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mozambique "Mozambique")</td><td>South Africa</td><td>1975</td><td>120</td><td>Anti-illegal immigration</td><td>89 ([Army](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_African_Army "South African Army")), over 200 (Various churches)</td><td> </td></tr><tr><td>**[South Africa–Zimbabwe Border](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Africa%E2%80%93Zimbabwe_border "South Africa–Zimbabwe border")**</td><td>[South Africa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Africa "South Africa") and [Zimbabwe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zimbabwe "Zimbabwe")</td><td>South Africa</td><td>2000s</td><td>225</td><td>Anti-illegal immigration, anti-drug smuggling, anti-weapon smuggling</td><td> </td><td><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B34%5D">[\[34\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-34)</sup><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B35%5D">[\[35\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-35)</sup><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B36%5D">[\[36\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-36)</sup><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B37%5D">[\[37\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-37)</sup></td></tr><tr><td>**[Kuwait–Iraq barrier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuwait%E2%80%93Iraq_barrier "Kuwait–Iraq barrier")**</td><td>[Kuwait](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuwait "Kuwait") and [Iraq](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraq "Iraq")</td><td>Kuwait</td><td>1991</td><td>193</td><td>Conflict zone</td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td>**Latvia–Russia border fence**</td><td>[Latvia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latvia "Latvia") and [Russia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia "Russia")</td><td>Latvia</td><td>2015</td><td>90</td><td>Anti-illegal immigration</td><td> </td><td><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B38%5D">[\[38\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-38)</sup></td></tr><tr><td>**[Libya–Tunisia barrier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libya%E2%80%93Tunisia_barrier "Libya–Tunisia barrier")**</td><td>[Libya](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libya "Libya") and [Tunisia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunisia "Tunisia")</td><td>Tunisia</td><td>TBA</td><td>460</td><td>Anti-terrorism, Anti-illegal immigration</td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td>**Lithuania–Kaliningrad border fence**</td><td>[Lithuania](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithuania "Lithuania") and [Russia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia "Russia")</td><td>Lithuania</td><td>2017</td><td>130</td><td>Anti-smuggling, anti-illegal immigration, anti-invasion</td><td> </td><td><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B39%5D">[\[39\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-39)</sup></td></tr><tr><td>**[Moroccan Western Sahara Wall](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moroccan_Western_Sahara_Wall "Moroccan Western Sahara Wall")**</td><td>[Morocco](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morocco "Morocco") and [Western Sahara](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Sahara "Western Sahara")</td><td>Morocco</td><td>1980</td><td>2,700</td><td>Conflict zone</td><td> </td><td><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B40%5D">[\[40\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-40)</sup><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B41%5D">[\[41\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-41)</sup></td></tr><tr><td>**[Norway–Russia border barrier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norway%E2%80%93Russia_border_barrier "Norway–Russia border barrier")**</td><td>[Norway](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norway "Norway") and [Russia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia "Russia")</td><td>Norway</td><td>2016</td><td>200</td><td>Anti-illegal immigration</td><td> </td><td><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B42%5D">[\[42\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-Osborne-42)</sup></td></tr><tr><td>**[Pakistan–Afghanistan barrier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Afghanistan_barrier "Pakistan–Afghanistan barrier")**</td><td>[Pakistan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan "Pakistan") and [Afghanistan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan "Afghanistan")</td><td>Pakistan</td><td>ongoing</td><td>2,670</td><td>Anti-terrorism, anti-illegal immigration, anti drug smuggling</td><td> </td><td><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B43%5D">[\[43\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-43)</sup><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B44%5D">[\[44\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-44)</sup></td></tr><tr><td>**[Poland–Belarus barrier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poland%E2%80%93Belarus_barrier "Poland–Belarus barrier")**</td><td>[Poland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poland "Poland") and [Belarus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarus "Belarus")</td><td>Poland</td><td>under construction</td><td>186</td><td>Anti-illegal immigration</td><td>21<sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B45%5D">[\[45\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-45)</sup></td><td><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B46%5D">[\[46\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-46)</sup><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B47%5D">[\[47\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-47)</sup><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B48%5D">[\[48\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-48)</sup><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B49%5D">[\[49\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-49)</sup><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B50%5D">[\[50\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-50)</sup></td></tr><tr><td>**[Saudi–Yemen barrier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi%E2%80%93Yemen_barrier "Saudi–Yemen barrier")**</td><td>[Saudi Arabia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia "Saudi Arabia") and [Yemen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yemen "Yemen")</td><td>Saudi Arabia</td><td>2004</td><td>75</td><td>Anti-illegal immigration</td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td>**[Saudi–Iraq barrier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi%E2%80%93Iraq_barrier "Saudi–Iraq barrier")**</td><td>[Saudi Arabia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia "Saudi Arabia") and [Iraq](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraq "Iraq")</td><td>Saudi Arabia</td><td>2014</td><td>900</td><td>Anti-illegal immigration and conflict zone</td><td> </td><td><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B51%5D">[\[51\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-51)</sup><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B52%5D">[\[52\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-52)</sup><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B53%5D">[\[53\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-53)</sup></td></tr><tr><td>**[Slovenia–Croatia barrier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slovenia%E2%80%93Croatia_barrier "Slovenia–Croatia barrier")**</td><td>[Slovenia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slovenia "Slovenia") and [Croatia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croatia "Croatia")</td><td>Slovenia</td><td>2016</td><td>220</td><td>Anti-illegal immigration</td><td> </td><td><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B54%5D">[\[54\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-Surk-54)</sup><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B55%5D">[\[55\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-55)</sup><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B56%5D">[\[56\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-56)</sup></td></tr><tr><td>**[Serbia–North Macedonia barrier](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=North_Macedonia-Serbia_border_barrier&action=edit&redlink=1 "North Macedonia-Serbia border barrier (page does not exist)")**</td><td>[Serbia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serbia "Serbia") and [North Macedonia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Macedonia "North Macedonia")</td><td>Serbia</td><td>2020</td><td>240</td><td>Anti-illegal immigration</td><td> </td><td><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B57%5D">[\[57\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-57)</sup></td></tr><tr><td>**[Turkey–Syria border barrier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkey%E2%80%93Syria_border_barrier "Turkey–Syria border barrier")**</td><td>[Turkey](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkey "Turkey") and [Syria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria "Syria")</td><td>Turkey</td><td>2018</td><td>828</td><td>Anti-terrorism, anti-illegal immigration and smuggling</td><td> </td><td><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B58%5D">[\[58\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-58)</sup></td></tr><tr><td>**[Turkey–Iran border barrier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkey%E2%80%93Iran_border_barrier "Turkey–Iran border barrier")**</td><td>[Turkey](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkey "Turkey") and [Iran](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran "Iran")</td><td>Turkey</td><td>2019</td><td>144</td><td>Anti-terrorism, anti-illegal immigration and smuggling</td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td>**[Turkmen–Uzbekistan barrier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkmen%E2%80%93Uzbekistan_barrier "Turkmen–Uzbekistan barrier")**</td><td>[Turkmenistan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkmenistan "Turkmenistan") and [Uzbekistan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uzbekistan "Uzbekistan")</td><td>Turkmenistan</td><td>2001</td><td>1,700</td><td>Anti-illegal immigration</td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td>**[Ukraine–Russia barrier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine%E2%80%93Russia_barrier "Ukraine–Russia barrier")**</td><td>[Ukraine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine "Ukraine") and [Russia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia "Russia")</td><td>Ukraine</td><td>Under construction</td><td>2,000</td><td>Anti Weapon Smuggling and Conflict zone</td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td>**[United Arab Emirates–Oman barrier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates%E2%80%93Oman_barrier "United Arab Emirates–Oman barrier")**</td><td>[United Arab Emirates](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates "United Arab Emirates") and [Oman](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oman "Oman")</td><td>United Arab Emirates</td><td>2018</td><td>410</td><td>Anti-illegal immigration</td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td>**[Mexico–United States barrier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93United_States_barrier "Mexico–United States barrier")**</td><td>[United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States "United States") and [Mexico](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexico "Mexico")</td><td>United States</td><td>Partially Constructed</td><td>1,000</td><td>Anti-illegal immigration and smuggling</td><td> </td><td><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B59%5D">[\[59\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-59)</sup><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B60%5D">[\[60\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-60)</sup><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B61%5D">[\[61\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-61)</sup><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B62%5D">[\[62\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-62)</sup><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B63%5D">[\[63\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-63)</sup><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B64%5D">[\[64\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-64)</sup><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B65%5D">[\[65\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-65)</sup><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B66%5D">[\[66\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-66)</sup><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B67%5D">[\[67\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-Pew-67)</sup><sup class="reference" id="bkmrk-%5B68%5D">[\[68\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier#cite_note-Gallup_Poll-68)</sup></td></tr><tr><td>**[Uzbek–Afghanistan barrier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uzbek%E2%80%93Afghanistan_barrier "Uzbek–Afghanistan barrier")**</td><td>[Uzbekistan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uzbekistan "Uzbekistan") and [Afghanistan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan "Afghanistan")</td><td>Uzbekistan</td><td>2001</td><td>209</td><td>Anti-illegal immigration</td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td>**[Uzbek–Kyrgyzstan barrier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uzbek%E2%80%93Kyrgyzstan_barrier "Uzbek–Kyrgyzstan barrier")**</td><td>[Uzbekistan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uzbekistan "Uzbekistan") and [Kyrgyzstan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyrgyzstan "Kyrgyzstan")</td><td>Uzbekistan</td><td>1999</td><td>870</td><td>Conflict zone</td></tr></tbody></table>

[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border\_barrier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_barrier)

# Impacts



# Estimated Percentage of Workers Who Were Undocumented Immigrants US(Statista)[2017]

[![undocumented.PNG](https://maga.express/uploads/images/gallery/2022-05/scaled-1680-/undocumented.PNG)](https://maga.express/uploads/images/gallery/2022-05/undocumented.PNG)

[https://www.statista.com/statistics/652960/employed-undocumented-immigrants-in-the-us-by-industry/](https://www.statista.com/statistics/652960/employed-undocumented-immigrants-in-the-us-by-industry/)

# The Fiscal Burden of Illegal Immigration on US Taxpayers(FAIR)[2017]

- In 2017, the total cost of illegal immigration for the United States – at the federal, state, and local levels – was approximately $116 billion.
- <span class="caps">FAIR</span> arrived at this number by subtracting the tax revenue paid by illegal aliens – about $19 billion – from the total economic impact of illegal migration, $134.9 billion.
- In 2013, the estimated total cost of illegal migration was approximately $113 billion. So, in under four years, the cost has risen nearly $3 billion.
- Evidence shows that the tax payments made by illegal aliens fail to cover the costs of the many services they consume.
- A large percentage of illegal aliens who work in the underground economy frequently avoid paying any income tax at all.
- Many illegal aliens actually receive a net cash profit through refundable tax credit programs.

[https://www.fairus.org/issue/publications-resources/fiscal-burden-illegal-immigration-united-states-taxpayers](https://www.fairus.org/issue/publications-resources/fiscal-burden-illegal-immigration-united-states-taxpayers)

# Federal Benefits to Unauthorized Immigrants(NCSL)[2014]

In general, unauthorized immigrants within the United States **are not eligible for any federal public benefits, except**:

- Emergency medical treatment under Medicaid, if the individual otherwise meets the eligibility requirements and the medical condition is not related to an organ transplant procedure
- Immunizations for immunizable diseases and testing for and treatment of symptoms of communicable diseases (does not include assistance from Medicaid)
- Short-term, non-cash, in-kind emergency disaster relief
- Programs, services, or assistance that deliver in-kind services at the community level, do not have conditions for assistance on the recipients’ income or resources, and are necessary for the protection of life and safety 
    - Includes access to soup kitchens, crisis counseling and intervention, short-term shelter, mental health services, and child and adult protective services
- To the extent that an immigrant was receiving assistance on 8/22/96, programs for housing, community development, or financial assistance administered by the HUD Secretary, which include: 
    - Financial assistance in rural areas to farmers, owners, developers, and the elderly for loan insurance, the purchase of property, housing for trainees, and low rent housing for farm workers under title V of the Housing Act of 1949
    - Loans and grants for water access and waste treatment to alleviate health risks under Section 306C of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act
- Free public education for grades K-12
- Federally subsidized school lunch and school breakfast programs for individuals eligible for free public education under state or local law
- At state option, medical coverage under SCHIP, including prenatal care and delivery services, for unborn children who meet other program eligibility criteria

Note: Exceptions 2 and 3 above only grant access to disaster relief and emergency assistance for the protection of life and safety, and do not extend to non-emergency aid based on each recipient’s need.

Unauthorized immigrants are eligible for the following nutrition assistance programs:

- Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)
- Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP)
- Summer Food Service program
- Special Milk program
- Commodity Supplemental Food Program (CSFP)
- The Emergency Food Assistance Program (TEFAP)
- Food Distribution Program on Indian Reservations (FDPIR)

Note: States may, at their discretion, deny unauthorized immigrants’ access to the above programs.

Unauthorized immigrants also appear to be able to receive services provided by federally funded community health centers regardless of immigration status; however, migrant health center services are statutorily prohibited to unauthorized immigrants by Title IV of PRWORA.

Affordable Care Act: Unauthorized immigrants and Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) grantees are not eligible to purchase insurance on the exchanges or receive premium tax credits or lower copayments; they are exempt from the individual mandate.

[https://www.ncsl.org/research/immigration/federal-benefits-to-unauthorized-immigrants.aspx](https://www.ncsl.org/research/immigration/federal-benefits-to-unauthorized-immigrants.aspx)

# US Citizen vs Non-US Citizen Crime Stats [L] (USDOJ BJS)

[![crimeillegal.PNG](https://maga.express/uploads/images/gallery/2022-05/scaled-1680-/crimeillegal.PNG)](https://maga.express/uploads/images/gallery/2022-05/crimeillegal.PNG)

# Process



# Process for Becoming a Citizen [L] (USCIS)

[![Web capture_29-5-2022_22425_www.uscis.gov.jpeg](https://maga.express/uploads/images/gallery/2022-05/scaled-1680-/web-capture-29-5-2022-22425-www-uscis-gov.jpeg)](https://maga.express/uploads/images/gallery/2022-05/web-capture-29-5-2022-22425-www-uscis-gov.jpeg)

[https://www.uscis.gov/citizenship/learn-about-citizenship/10-steps-to-naturalization](https://www.uscis.gov/citizenship/learn-about-citizenship/10-steps-to-naturalization)

# Process for Getting a Green Card [L] (USCIS)

[![Web capture_29-5-2022_22514_www.uscis.gov.jpeg](https://maga.express/uploads/images/gallery/2022-05/scaled-1680-/web-capture-29-5-2022-22514-www-uscis-gov.jpeg)](https://maga.express/uploads/images/gallery/2022-05/web-capture-29-5-2022-22514-www-uscis-gov.jpeg)

[https://www.uscis.gov/green-card/green-card-processes-and-procedures](https://www.uscis.gov/green-card/green-card-processes-and-procedures)

# Process for Seeking Asylum [L] (USCIS)

[![Web capture_29-5-2022_22556_www.uscis.gov.jpeg](https://maga.express/uploads/images/gallery/2022-05/scaled-1680-/web-capture-29-5-2022-22556-www-uscis-gov.jpeg)](https://maga.express/uploads/images/gallery/2022-05/web-capture-29-5-2022-22556-www-uscis-gov.jpeg)

[https://www.uscis.gov/humanitarian/refugees-and-asylum/asylum/obtaining-asylum-in-the-united-states](https://www.uscis.gov/humanitarian/refugees-and-asylum/asylum/obtaining-asylum-in-the-united-states)

# Seeking Asylum - General Info [L] (WIKI)

[![Web capture_29-5-2022_22639_en.wikipedia.org.jpeg](https://maga.express/uploads/images/gallery/2022-05/scaled-1680-/web-capture-29-5-2022-22639-en-wikipedia-org.jpeg)](https://maga.express/uploads/images/gallery/2022-05/web-capture-29-5-2022-22639-en-wikipedia-org.jpeg)

[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asylum\_in\_the\_United\_States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asylum_in_the_United_States)